Who owns your identity?

“On the Internet, nobody knows you’re a dog.”  Right?  Not if you are known at all.  Those days are gone.  As if to prove the point, one of my favorite web sites is on the wrong side of this issue.  An actress unsuccessfully sued imdb.com for lost wages for having included her age on their site.  There is a well known axiom in Hollywood that starlets have a half-life, and age is something that is best kept secret.  IMDB countered that what matters is not an actress’ age but her ability to play a certain age.

My point is this: she sued and was unable to have information about her removed.  Is age something that you believe should be private?  I do.  I especially do for people born after 1989 where a birthday and a home city can lead to someone guessing your Social Security Number.

But what about other physical attributes one might consider private?  “He has a mole that you can only see if he’s naked.”  How about illness?  “This actor cannot lift his arm due to a stroke.”  Once the information is out there, there’s no way to get rid of it.   And this in the UK, which is subject to the European Data Privacy Directive.  The situation is considerably bleaker for your personal information in the United States.

Related to this is The Right To Be Forgotten.  In Europe they are considering new rules that say that you have a right to have information about you removed.  This has some American firms in an uproar, arguing that a lack of transparency only increases risk and inefficiency.  But what are the limits?  What about this actress who doesn’t want her age known?  How did her age provide for market efficiency?

North Korean Nonsense:

In the last two weeks we’ve heard about how the North Koreans have, well, let’s see…

All of this stemmed from further sanctions the U.N. imposed after these nutcases conducted a nuclear test.

These people are, quite simply put, wackos with nuclear weapons, each dictator worse than the last.  The people they least endanger is America, and the people they most endanger are themselves, and their brothers, sisters, and cousins to the south.  Not far behind them are the Chinese to the north.  Clearly basketball diplomacy hasn’t helped at all.

The United States has a tendency to clean up messes all around the world.  We get yelled at for doing so, and then people privately thank their lucky stars we do.  Wouldn’t it be nice if someone else did the dirty work for once?  As it happens the Chinese have been flexing their muscles all over the region, from Japan to Malaysia.  They’ve even breached South Korean waters.  But the North they leave alone.

With lots to lose and the fact that the Chinese have been propping up this government for six decades, the Chinese will have to deal with the consequences far more so than we will.  It is a problem that the United States cannot solve.  Our having sent B-2s was a nice show, but if we end up in an armed conflict with North Korea, mostly South Koreans, Chinese, and maybe Japanese get hurt.  That region must resolve the matter.  B-2s shouldn’t do it.

You don’t get to be a leader by simply showing military might.  You have to use that might to address real problems.  The Chinese have feared above all that if they intervene in the affairs of others, some day it will be their turn to be on the receiving end of such interference.  Their turn may come, but not because they’ve done the right thing with North Korea.

Scaling the Internet and Re-considering Routing: LISP

A new experimental approach to routing on the Internet is maturing.  It’s called Locator-Identifier Separation Protocol (LISP), and I am proud to have worked on it with people like Dino Farinacci, Vince Fuller, Dave Meyer, Scott Brim, Darrel Lewis, Wolfgang Riedel, and Greg Schudell.

BGP Routes
Number of BGP Routes, Courtesy cidr-report.org

In 1993 and 1994, Paul Traina, Tony Li, and Yakov Rehkter led a rag tag effort to quickly get all the service providers to BGP 4 so that CIDR-based aggregation could save Cisco routers from hitting the dreadful 20,000 route limit.  This involved a substantial operational change over a very short period of time, where people like Sean Doran at Sprint and Vince Fuller at BARRNET (who I think still used Proteons back then) as well as others went from router to router, quickly bringing up the new version of very fresh code.  Talk about stress!!

File:World population (UN).svg
Courtesy: Conscious/Wikimedia

Today, that number of routes looks like a blip, and in fact you can barely see the drop in the graph.  In 1994, there were already 21 million users, representing a scaling factor of just over 1000.  With over 2.4 billion people using the network today and 440,000 routes in the system, that represents a scaling factor of just under 5,500.  Put another way, for one  route, on average 5,500 people use the Internet.  It’s a lot more complex than that because generally speaking only sites that have more than one Internet connection show up in the routing table.  Still, based on that scaling factor, to get to today’s entire world population of 7 billion would require an additional 835,000 routes or so, and all the associated processing, which still makes some of us nervous.  In the so-called Internet of Things (what connected before that term?), that number becomes a bit more unhinged in as much as it is not directly tied to the population.  Tony Li has continually cautioned us on the risks of feeling good about Moore’s Law, and how it generally doesn’t apply to specialized routing devices..

LISP’s work, as well as that of ILNP, considered these issues. LISP functions as an overlay, not requiring the core of the Internet to have edge routes, effectively pruning any given routing tree by one level.

LISP-NERD focused on two particular aspects:

  • Is it possible to make a separation between operational state and provisioned state within the routing system, on the basis that (a) the core of the network is extremely stable and (b) edge instability could be managed through the Locator Status bits in LISP to reduce the amount of managed operational state?
  • Is LISP’s mapping function properly separated from the core?  Having multiple mapping system makes it possible to test the abstraction.  Other mapping systems would have served this purpose equally well.

I still encourage the development of LISP and alternatives like ILNP under the assumption that even though 835,000 sounds like a small number, there are many restrictions built into that number, specifically that will either undo themselves, or prevent us from selling more gear (and I’m specifically thinking about multihoming in the home).

When is a Fine Excessive?

CNN has an interesting story about a Christian organization that is seeking to avoid fines for not providing coverage for the “Day After” pill or (I think) RU-486.  Let us not argue about birth control  or abortion.  My issue here is the amount of the fine, which is $100 per day per employee for whom the employer refuses coverage.  Why isn’t that fine excessive?  To begin with, let’s look at the cost of such services.  The cost of the drugs are relatively low.  According the Planned Parenthood, the cost for the pharmaceuticals are between $10 and $70. For an insurance company this is really a non-issue, and that leaves the moral issue, because it’s not an ongoing expense.  In fact, it may even be lower than some people’s co-payments or deductibles.  Now we need to add this to an insurance risk pool cost, and the price for insurance probably drops to well less that $0.10 per year .  After all, how often does anyone need such services?  Maybe once in their lives?  Maybe never.

If we break this down, then, to compensatory versus punitive damages, let’s postulate an  government program that allows doctors and pharmacies to be reimbursed for the cost of the procedure.  Let’s call the program, oh…. Medicaid.  Let’s say that costs, from a risk perspective, $1.00 per year.  The Supreme Court has already said that punitive damages in civil cases should not exceed a factor of 10.  Why then, should the fine for this behavior not by $10 per employee per year instead of $100 per employee per day?

In fact, why not let employers opt out on conscience grounds and let them pay a slightly higher premium of $2.00 per employee?  In this sense, the government would stand to profit from an employer who REALLY has qualms.  Of course, one would also have to ask why that company would feel so comfortable paying the government twice what it would pay the insurance company, when at the end of the day the same service would be performed?

Put simply: what is the societal interest in penalizing a company 100,000 times the cost of a service in this case?  Is this such an egregious omission?  Are employees unsafe?  Would the service otherwise be unavailable?  What is the issue?